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Why did INEOS decide to go down this path? What were the
end customer needs?
Pamela Amann: The classic Grenadier customer expects their
vehicle to be an uncompromising full off-roader and a “work-
horse”. The task was to make this uncompromising vehicle fit
for the future: “no compromises – no emissions”.
What influenced INEOS’ decision?
In order to develop this uncompromising, zero-emissions ve-
hicle, various technologies were considered. In addition to fuel
cell, these included pure battery electric (BEV) and hydrogen
combustion engine. We have a BEV coming to market in 2026,
which will have high off-road capabilities and be slightly small-
er than the Grenadier, but the technology has some limitations
when it comes to payload and range. Since the Grenadier is
just as much at home in the heat of the Sahara as it is in the
cold of Iceland, we wanted a technology that would function
An Off-Road
Innovation Package
Under the brand name “Grenadier”, the automotive division of the global
chemical company INEOS has developed a zero-emission off-road vehicle
with hydrogen fuel cell propulsion. AVL was part of the complete vehicle
development. Pamela Amann, Chief Engineer Fuel Cell at INEOS, revealed
exciting details about the technology, the cooperation, and the future of
mobility.
reliably regardless of the ambient temperature. For us, a fuel
cell propulsion system in the Grenadier is the best solution so
as to not significantly restrict the “workhorse” in its payload
and range, while completely maintaining the off-road capability
and really achieving 100 % zero emissions.
What are the other framework conditions?
In my opinion, hydrogen is the primary energy carrier of the
next century. In order to become independent of limited
resources and to significantly reduce the consumption of
fossil energy sources, we will have to switch to alternative
energy sources. The INEOS Group produces 400,000 tons of
hydrogen per year as a by-product of chlorine production, and
with Inovyn® also has a large producer of electrolyzers that are
necessary for the production of green hydrogen. This makes
INEOS the largest hydrogen producer in Europe.
Photos: INEOS Automotive
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